Aungier, Gerald (c.1640–77), governor of Bombay, was probably born in Dublin, the second son of Ambrose Aungier (d. 1654), chancellor of St Patrick's cathedral, and a younger brother of Francis Aungier (c.1632–1700), 1st earl of Longford (qv). Through the influence of relatives, he obtained a post with the British East India Company and in February 1662 he left England for India in the suite of James Ley, 3rd earl of Marlborough, whose mission was to receive from the Portuguese the island of Bombay, the agreed dowry in the marriage between Catherine of Braganza of Portugal and Charles II of England.
He spent the next seven years at Surat, then the chief English factory on the west coast of India. In 1669 he was appointed president of the two English factories and on 11 January 1670 he left Surat for Bombay. As governor he fortified the place effectively, thus deterring a Dutch assault in 1673; he built a new warehouse, set up courts of law, planned a protestant church (the present St Thomas's cathedral), and (like his elder brother in Dublin) laid out streets. During his governorship he favoured Bombay over Surat and the population increased sixfold. By 1677 Aungier had made a sufficient fortune to return home, but on 30 June he died, unmarried, a victim of the unhealthy climate. He was buried in the English cemetery at Surat. The residue of his fortune went to his brother Francis. The removal, ten years later, of the seat of the East India Company from Surat to Bombay and the development of the latter into a great metropolis was due in some measure to Aungier's pioneering efforts.